Thursday, January 22, 2009

Technical stuff : SPL aka 'sound pressure level'

SPL is a measures in "loudness" of a sound, so that all measurements are made objectively. Just like temperature, asking an Eskimo and an Arabian whether Malaysia is hot, you shall get a different answer! SPL is a log function because sound diffuses in 3D way.

bel (dB) = 10log (P1/P0) where P is power.

Since it's a log function, a double in spl is equivalent to the square of power. It means, if you wish to double the spl output of an amp of power rating 50W, you have to change the amp to a 50W x 50W = 2500W, and not a plain 50W+50W=100W. Hence, if you think your amp is too soft the sound, changing your amp from 100W to 1000W is actually quite common.

For every 6 SPL increase, you will feel the sound doubles its 'loudness'. But this also indicates that sound will become weaker with the decrease of SPL. SPL decreases mainly caused by distance travelled by sound (more energy from the sound is consumed).

new SPL = original SPL - 20log(L1/L0)

This is also why the front row audience will feel pressurized by the loud sound and contrast to the back row audience who ill most probably say "it's too soft!". Different frequency damps in different rate.

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